Publication of Defra Report on NTMs Affecting GB-EU Agri-Food, Plant Products and Fisheries Trade
Defra have recently published a major study, led by The Andersons Centre, on quantifying the costs of non-tariff measures (NTMs) on GB to EU trade in agri-food, plant and fisheries products.
This landmark study provides the most comprehensive assessment to date of the ad valorem equivalent (AVE) costs of non-tariff measures now faced by British (GB) agri-food, horticultural plants and fisheries exporters when trading with the EU. Drawing on detailed industry engagement and probabilistic modelling, the research quantifies the costs, complexity and operational implications of these measures. It also highlights broader impacts on trade flows, business adaptation and the resilience of supply chains.
Figure 1: NTM Costs for Meat Products of Animal Origin (POAO) – GB to EU (Probabilistic)
Sources: The Andersons Centre and Trade Facilitation Consulting Ltd. (2025)
The findings show that probabilistic AVEs range from just above 0% to in excess of 100%, depending on product type, regulatory requirements and mode of transport. The heaviest burdens are experienced by exporters of seafood, red meat, chilled composite products and equine semen.
The results carry significant implications. For policymakers, the evidence base helps identify the areas where non-tariff measures have the most acute effect, supporting informed decision-making in future trade policy and regulation. For industry, the findings illustrate the scale of challenges businesses must navigate, underlining the need for investment in compliance systems, streamlined logistics and stronger supply chain collaboration.
Commenting on the report, Michael Haverty, Partner at The Andersons Centre, said:
“This study provides robust, evidence-based quantification of the trade frictions that have emerged since the UK’s departure from the EU. It highlights not only the financial costs but also the operational complexity that exporters are managing on a daily basis. Policymakers now have a clearer picture of the scale and distribution of these impacts, while industry can use the findings to better prepare for future trade developments. The report will be an important reference point for both government and business as they adapt to this changed trading landscape.”
The full report is available via the Defra Science Search portal: https://sciencesearch.defra.gov.uk/ProjectDetails?ProjectId=21865
For further information, please contact The Andersons Centre via [email protected].
